Type-writer.



PATENTED JAN. 1,- 1907.

.. G. w. DONNING.'

TYPE WRITBR. APPLIOATION FILED (50m26.190s.

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GEORGE lV. DONNING, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW J ERSEY, ASSIG NOR TO' HARRY T.AMBROSE, OF ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITER.

, Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1` 1907.

Original application filed May 1, 1902, Serial No. 105,548. Divided andthis application iiled October 26, 1903. Serial No. 178.603.

T0 alZ/ 'uf/1,0712, it mrtg concern.

Beit known that I, GEORGE W. DONNING, a citizen of the-United States,residing at East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey,vhave invented certain new and useful improvements in Type-Writers and I do hereby declare the following to a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art. to which it appertains 'to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improved constructions' for writing mechanisms;and it consists in the constructions, combinations, and arrangementsherein described and claimed. y j

The accompanying figure of drawing,- i'orming a part of thisapplication, is a sectional elevation embodying one form of my inventionapplied to a writing mechanism, illustrating especially the key memberand its connections.

. Referring to the drawing, the operating'- key member a is pivotallyconnectedy at and c with the two parallel links d and @respec- Theselinks are provided with cutverse rods j' and g, whereby such links canbe.

quickly and conveniently assemhledvon thev supporting transverse rods fand A spring 7L shown connecting the parallel links acts to properlyhold these links on the transverse rods 'and also to maintain theforward ends of the links in their elevated position,

whereby the key member a will be normallyl held in its elevatedposition. l This arrangement is 4greatly superior to -the usualconstructions in which a iix'ed point of attachinent is necessary forthe spring employed to return the key member to itsV normal elevatedposition.

for the rear ends of'said links d and e,.are d isposed, respectively, ina plane belowV the mally lie in a plane at an angle to thehorizontalthat is to say, they incline upward l' normally toward thepoints to which they arepivoted to the key member; but when saidkeymember is operated to actuate a .type-bar said links are positionedin diiferent planes respectively from those they normally occupy, butalways parallel one withthe Preferably, as, shown, thetransverse rodsfand g, constituting supports pawl being held by a spring a?,

other. Moreover, the

lie is at an angle to the plane of the type-bar which normally occupiesa' plane approximately vertical. The' key l'member a is formed,preferably, as shown and comprises a vertical portion which lies in aplane parallel with the type-bar and two horizontal portions. By thisparticular construction and arrangement of parts the striking-face ofthe key member is through- 'out its entire travel when depressed toactuate a type-bar maintained in a horizontal plane constantly parallelvwith that it occupies when in normal position. n

i A distinct advantage is involved in disposing the parallel links sothat they incline upward from their rear pivots to their pivotal pointsof attachment to the key member, for 1t is obvious -that while theparallel link mechanismprevents tilting of the Vkey member during theact of printing, yet the striking-face of this member necessarilytravels downward in a curved path, and were the parallel links initiallyto lie in horizontal Aplanes the position of the striking-face would atthe conclusion of the printing operation vbe considerably to the rear ofits normal position. By. normally inclining the links upward thestriking-face travels outward and then inward'r as the links approachand then pass below the horizontal. In this way the position of thestriking-face at the end of the printing stroke maybe'practicallyimmediately below'its initial position, and the movement of thestriking-face forward or rearward is greatly reduced, all of which tendsto enhance the certainty. of the operators stroke upon the key.

The type-bar 'm is preferably of the downwardly-actingv classand haspivoted at its upper end a head a3, which is designed to be shifted toany of its plurality of shiftable positionsby a head-actuator c4, and tolockthe head in any of its said positions a pawl a5 is disposed on thebar m' contiguous to the head and adapted to engage the teetli a.6 inthe same, constituting a head-locking device, theV therewith and withthetype-bar. Adjacent the head and directly vto the rear of the pawl isa buffer a", designed to disengage the pawl from the head when theformer abuts against the said buffer. When the head is in its nor- -malupright position, the said pawl will abut IOC connecting against saidbuferand be held out ofengagement with the head, and the moment the barbegins to descend the pawl is carried away from the buffer and permittedto engage said head.

It will be understoodthat upon depression ofthe key member a to bringthe type-bar to writingposition the parallel links d and e. Will swingon their supporting transverse.

. lease of the key member ac s lto return the links and key member totheir normaI evated position. This provides a very snuple, compact, anddurable construction and one in which any of the plurality of keymembers and its 'connections can be readily removed without disturbingthe others.

The type-bar m is operatively connected to the key member e by thefollowing mechanism:4 A link Z is pivoted to the toe p'ofthe type-bar atg and has its other end pivoted at r to a sublever Zc, which latter isfulcrumed at s' on the base. A link 'iis pivotally, connected at t and uwith `said. sublever k and key member a, respectively. The lin'k fZ isshown provided with adjusting means, such as a turnbuckle j. The pivotalpoints g, r, and s areso arranged that upon depressing the key member athe early motion of the sublever Zr will tend to move the .pivot 1' ofthe link Z in a path approximately -perpendicular to the length of saidlink. This motion will act to swing said link Z about its pivotalconnection g to the typebar without materially rocking said type-bar,

' thus moving the Alink .Z and lever 7c from their initial lockedposition, in which their axis lay substantially in a common straightline. Upon further depression of the key member a the sublever Zr actsto move the pivot r on link Z in an arc, (about the pivot s,) which moreand more'approaches a path at right angles to the axis of said link Z,and thereby causes a progressive acceleration in the motion of thetype-bar m about its pivot n. The link Zand adjacent end of the lever -fconstitute a toggle-joint, and, as shown, the

pivot q is located slightly below a straight line passing through theycenters of pivots r and-S of said toggle. Any force applied to thetype-bar m to'rock itL from its normal upright position will betransmitted through the pivot g to the lint'`| Z, -and'obviously theeffectiveness of thatcomponent of such force whichtends yto'bend thetoggle variesdirectly FWith the perpendicular' ydistance from thepivot-g to a right line passing.

through the centers of'tlie pivotsr'and s. 7l:-

In the constructionshown this perpendicular distance is made 4so smallthat the force` `is expended mainly in causing pressure on the pivots q,r, and s and is ineffective to bend the toggleagain'st the frictionengen- 75 dered by such pressure.

Of course by locating all three pivotal points g, r, and sin a rightline tangent tothe path of the point gj any force transmitted throughthe point q to the link Z would-be entirely expended in 8o causingpressuredin said-pivots, or again by locating the pivot g approximatelythe same distance above the right line passing through the centers ofthe-pivots r and s, as, in the,

drawing it is shown" below, any force trans- 8 5 mitted throughthe-pivot q to the link would tend to maintain the toggle in its lockedpod'sition `Thus`the pivots g, r, and s are so ar ranged that'thetype-bar m is locked against any rebound from its upright position and9o.

can be rocked from suchposition only by depressing the key member e. Thetype-bar m carries a shifting mechanism a, which need not be furtherdescribed herein, sinceV 1t forms a part ofthe invention claimed 95 inmy application, Serial No. 105,548, filed AMay 1,.'1902, of which thisis a divisional application. As shown, the locking device dis- A posedadjacent to said shifting mechanism is normally out of engagement withthe type= 1 oo carrying head which is pivoted on said bar. The toggledevice above described serves to hld the bar against forward movement;

that is, rebound-and thus maintains said locking device against. thebuffer-ring:dise posed to the rear of the type-head, whereby saidlocking deviceA is normally held out of l engagement with the4type-head.` .This link mechanism, including the\spring ZL, serves tohold the parts under stress throughout the' entire movement thereof, and-thusoper'ates to take up all lost motion of such parts; i Having thusdescribed my invention', what I claim as new, and desire to securebyLetters'Tatent, isi 1. In a writing mechanism, the combination of a keymember provided'with a striking-face, parallel supportin links pivotallyconnected fto saidkey mem'er 'and inclined normally upward towardtheir'points of connection therewith land constructed to maintain thestriking-face of said key member in parallel planes during the entiremovement thereof, a pivoted type-bar, and, between the typefbar and keymember, an operating coni nection entirely cistinct from 'said links.

2.l In a writing mechanism,4 the combination-cfa key member provided.With a s'trik- 'ing-face, parallel supporting-links pivotally connectedto said key member. adjacent one IIC,

.IIS

end and inclined normally upward toward such ends and constructed tomaintain the striking-face of said key member in parallel planes duringthe entire movement thereof, pivotal supports for the other ends ofA thelink s, a pivoted type-bar, and,-betWeen said type-bar 4and key member,an operating co'nnection entirely distinct from said links.

3. In a Writing mechanism, the combination of a key member provided witha striking-face, parallel supporting-links inclined normallyy andpivoted toward their upper ends to the key member and constructed tomaintain the striking-face of said member in parallel planes during theentiremovement thereof, pivotal'supports for the o therfends I- of thelinks, a pivoted type-bar, between said type-barand thekey-'member-operating connection .entirely distinct fromV the links, and

resilient-means connected with said links and constructed to eect returnof .the parts to their normal position. l

4. In a Writing mechanism, the combination of a key member providedwith' a striking-face, link Vmechanism pivotally connected to said keymember and provided with vcutout bearings, transverse rods constructedto fit insaid cut-out bearings and constitute pivotal supports for' saidlink mechanism, and means carried by said link-.mechanism formaintaining the same in position on the supporting transverse rods,substantially as described.

5. In a Writing. mechanism, the combination of a key member providedWitha striking-face, link mechanism pivotally connected to said key:member and provided with cutout bearings, transverse rods' constructed.to fit in said cut-out bearings-and constitute pivotal supports forsaid link I nechanism,v and a spring member carried by'said linkmechanism for maintaining-the same in position on the supportingtransverse rods, substantially as describedf Y 6. In a Writingmechanism, the combination of a keyimemberprovided With a striking-face,parallel links pivotally connected to said key member and provided withcut-out bearings, transverse rods constructed to it in said cut-outbearings and constitute -pivotal ysupports for said parallel links, anda spring member secured to said parallel links and constructed tomaintain said cut-out bearings in position on their supportingtransverse rods, substantially as described 7 In a Writing mechanism,the combina- 'tion of a key member provided with a striking-face,parallel links pivotally connected to saidkey member and provided withcut-out bearings,l transverse rods constructed to iit in said ,cut-outjr"rings and' constitute pivotal supports,forfsaid` parallel links, and aspringinember connected to such'parallel links at opposite sides oftheir pivotal supports, whereby' said spring member will act pivots.

ots and independent of said link-supporting tion Withia type-bar, of anoperating member having a striking-face and connectingtherestriking-face, a plurality ci links connecting with s aid operatingmember and constructed to maintain the striking-face of'said member inparallel planes during the entire movement thereof, supporting memberson which said links are pivoted and by Which they are sustained, andaresilient member connecting with said links at opposite sides of their9.A In a Writing mechanism, the combination with an operating-key memberhaving a .striking-face, a plurality of links connecting with saidoperating member and constructed to maintain the striking-face ol saidmember in parallel planes during the entire movement thereof, supportingmembers on which said links are pivoted. and by Which they aresustained, and a resilient member connecting With said links at oppositesides oftheir pivmembersi Y 10..v In a Writing mechanism, thecombination Witha type-bar, of an operating member having astriking-face and connecting therewith, a plurality of links arrangedone paral- 95 I lel Withanother and each connecting Witlig lsaidoperating member and constructed to maintain the striking-face of saidmember in parallel planes during the entire movement 4 thereof,- andresilient means connectingl'with roo each of said plurality of links andconstructed to return the parts to theiry normal positionupon release ofsaid operating member.

11. In a Writing mechanism, the combina- IC5 having 'a striking-face andconnecting therewith, aplurality of links arranged one parallel Withanother and each connecting With said operating member and constructedto maintain the striking-face of said member in parallel planes duringthe entire movement thereofhresilient means connecting With each of saidplurality oi' links and constructed to return the parts to their normalposition upon release of said operating-member, and supportingmeans forsaid links disposed adjacent to the ends of said links.

v12. In a Writing mechanism, the combination with a type-bar, of anoperating member IlO with, a plurality of links arranged one parallelwith another and each connecting with said operating member andconstructed to maintain the' striking-face of said member in parallelplanes during the entire'movement thereof, resilient means connecting-With each of said plurality of links and constructed to return. theparts to their normal position upon release of said operating member,and independent supports for each ol" said links.

13. In a writing mechanism, the combina- I tion With a type-bar, of anoperating member having a striking-face and connecting there-v I with, aplurality of links arranged one parallel With 'another and eachconnecting With saidoperating member and constructedto maintainthestriking-faceof said member in parallelv planes during the'entiremovement thereof, resilient means connecting with each of'said pluralityof links and lconstructed lto return I the parts to their normalposition upon release ofsaid operating member, and

vindependent su ports foreach of said links,

one end of sai resilient means connecting with one end of oneofsaldlinks, and the other end connecting intermediate of the ends ofanother Vof said links.

. V14. In a Writingv mechanism, the-combination with a key member.provided with a striking-face, a plurality of link members pivotallyconnected to said .key member, and separate supports to which each of`said link members is separately pivoted, the pivotal pointsof said linkmembers adjacent jthe key member being normally in a plane above, butoperable to a plane below, the plane of their pivotal points adjacentthe supports, and a spring member connecting with said links at vmeansupon which said links rest.

I points at opposite sides, respectively, of their 30 pivots adjacentsaid supports.

15. In Writing mechanism, the combination with a type-bar, and afulcrum-support therefor, of an operating member connecting With saidbar, a plurality of links arranged one parallel with another and eachconnecting with said operating member, a spring ele ment having one endconnecting with one of -said links adjacent its end and having its otherend connecting with another of s aid links intermediate of its ends, andsupporting 16. In Writin T mechanism, the combina?- tion with a' typear,of an operating member, an intermediate connecting element, saidoperating member being formed With a plurality .With a striking-face, oflink mechanism conof horizontally-extending sections and avertical,connecting-section, ,one of said horizontally-extending sectionscarrying a striking-face and the other pivotally engaging saidintermediate connecting element, of par-- allel links engaging thevertical, connect1ng' "link of saidoperating member, and a resilient ielement connecting with said links.

17. -In a writing-machine, the combination -With an operatmg-key member,provided With-a s'trikingface, of link mechanism constructed to supportsaid key member and arranged to maintain the'striking-face of saidmember in parallel planes during the entire movement thereof, atype-bar, and mechanism connecti v saidkey member and type# bar foroperating the bar upon actuation of thekey member, saidconncctingmechanism constructed and arranged to prevent reboundotsaidtyp-bar'rfrom' itanprmalv position after A locking. of the type-bar inits normal position and to prevent rebound of said bar .until locked bydepression of the link-supported key member.

19. -In a Writing-machine, the combination With an operatmg-key' member,provided with a strikingfface, of link mechamsm constructed to supportsaid key member and ar'- 'ranged to maintain the striking-face of`saidmember in parallel planes during the entire movement thereof, atype-bar, a sublever, aA link connecting said sublever and type-bar, anda lilik connecting said subleverv and key member,- the said sublever andits connecting link constructed and arranged to effect automatic lockingof the type-bar in its normal, upright position fand to prevent reboundyof said type-bar until unlocked by depression of the link-supported keymember. Y,

20. In a Writing-machine, the combination with anv operating-keymember,provided structed 'to support said key member and arf, ranged tomaintain the striking-face,ofsaid` member in parallel planes during the,entire movement thereof, means engaging saidlink mechanism andconstructed to` return.. the

parts to normal yposition aftera'ctuatiori, a,

type-bar, a toggle element interposedl bey tween-said key member` andlsaid, type-bar and constructedautomatically lto lock the typebaragainst rebound When said bar has been'returned to its normal, uprightposition. 21. In a Writing-machine, the combination with an f oerating-key member, provided IIO with astri ing-facejof linkmechanism'conf structed to supportsaid key member andI arranged to-maintain the striking-face of said member in arallel planes during `theentire movement t ereof, means `engaging said link mechanism andconstructed to return the parts to normal position, a .type-ban, and atoggle element interposed betvveentl'ie type-l l bar and key memberand-constructed to op' crate said type-bar and accelerate movement ofthe-same at points in its travel and, also,

to effect locking.l of sai bar against rebound after it hasibeenreturned toits normal, up-

right position.

4 22. In a type-writer, the combination with an 'operating-keymember,provided with a strilnngf-faca'links connecting With said'key member`vand constructed to support and maintain the striking-face of' the'member constantly inparallel planes, a type-bar, a4

toggle device connecting therewith, and. *al resilient member engagingsaid links -and con- .Y

structed to hold the arts under stress and lar.

` ranged to eHect a ta ing up offl'ost motion oftheparts. Y .i

23. In a writing mechanism, the combination with an operating-key memberprovided v with a striking-face, parallel. link mechanism connectingtherewith and'serving to support erethe same, a type-bar, a movable head't v on, a spring-operated4 head-locking member carried by the type-bar,a buHer disposedadjacent thereto `and against which said-headlockingmember normally abuts, and 'a toggle device connecting with saidtype-bar and constructed to.` hold the same against rebound and, also,in position to abutthe headlocking member against 'the buffer" to holdsaidlocking'member normally o utof engagement with the head.

24. In a writing=mechanism, the-combinatio`n with an operating-keymember provided with a striking-face, parallel link mechanismIconnecting therewith and serving to support the same, a type-bar, amovable head thereon, a spring-operated head-locking' member carried b ythe type-bar, a buiier disposed adacent thereto and Iagainstwhich saidheadocking member normally abuts, and a vtoggle device connecting withsaid type-bar and constructed to hold the same against rebound and,also, in position .to abut the head-locking member against the buffer'tohold said locking member normally out of engagement" with the head, saidlink members normally,

and when moving, occupying a planev parallel to each' other, butnormally at an angle to the plane ofthe type-bar.

25. In a writing mechanism, the combination with an operating-key memberprovided with a striking-face, said key member being formed of asubstantially vertical portion,

horizontal upper and lower portions, parallel link mechanismvconnectingwith, and disposed at an angle to, said vertical portion, andserving to support the same, a type-bar, a'movable head thereon, a-sring-'operated head-locking member carrie bythe type- 'b'ar, 'a butlerdisposed adjacent thereto and against which lsaidhead-locking membernormally abuts, and atoggle device connecting with said type-bar andconstructed to hold the same against rebound and, also, in position toabut the head-locking member against the buHer to hold said 'lockingmember normally out ofengagement with thehead.

26, In a writing'mechanism, the combination with an operating-key memberprovided with a striking-face, said key member lbeing formed of asubstantially vertical portion and horizontal upper and lower portions,.parallel f "link mechanism connecting with, and disposed at an angleto, said vertical portion, and serving tosup ort 'the same, a type-bar,

the typewith said type-bar an constructed to hold lthe same againstrebound and, also, in position to abut the head-locking member againstthebul'er to hold saidlocking member normally out of engagementwith thehead, said type-bar normally lying ina substantiallyA vertical-plane andparallel with said vertical ortion ofthe key member, and said links yingat an 'angle to the lane of said upper and-lower portions of'sai keymember.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twosubscribingl Witnesses. Y 1 V GEORGE W: DONNING.

I/Vitnesses:

EDMUND H. PAnRY, p G. Arnns.

